{"id":155046,"date":"2020-03-02T09:59:30","date_gmt":"2020-03-02T09:59:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.hannaservice.eu\/zasto-su-alkalnost-i-kontrola-ph-vazni-za-rast-biljaka\/"},"modified":"2022-10-07T13:25:01","modified_gmt":"2022-10-07T13:25:01","slug":"zasto-su-alkalnost-i-kontrola-ph-vazni-za-rast-biljaka","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.hannaservice.eu\/hr\/zasto-su-alkalnost-i-kontrola-ph-vazni-za-rast-biljaka\/","title":{"rendered":"Za\u0161to su alkalnost i kontrola pH va\u017eni za rast biljaka?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Alkalnost predstavlja pufernu sposobnost vode ili, jednostavnije re\u010deno, sposobnost vode da neutralizira kiselinu. \u0160to je ve\u0107a alkalnost, otpornija \u0107e voda biti na promjene pH i vi\u0161e kiseline \u0107e biti potrebno da smanji ukupnu alkalnost i snizi pH. Saznajte vi\u0161e o alkalnosti i kontroli pH u rastu\u0107im operacijama.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Osnove kontrole alkalnosti i pH<\/h3>\n
\n

U bilo kojem objektu voda koja te\u010de va\u0161im usjevima nesumnjivo je \u017eivotni pokreta\u010d operacije. Najva\u017eniji \u010dimbenici u sposobnosti va\u0161e vode da u\u010dinkovito osigura hranjive tvari biljkama su pH i alkalnost. Hanna proizvodi najnaprednije sustave za kontrolu pH i gnojidbe na tr\u017ei\u0161tu koji \u0107e precizno prilagoditi pH i alkalnost vode za navodnjavanje \u201cu spremniku\u201d ili \u201clinijski\u201d u velikom rasponu protoka. To jam\u010di optimalan rast, maksimalan prinos i u\u010dinkovitu upotrebu hranjivih sastojaka koji uklanjaju otpad.<\/p>\n

Alkalnost i za\u0161to je ona jednako va\u017ena kao i pH<\/strong><\/p>\n

Alkalnost predstavlja pufernu sposobnost vode ili, jednostavnije re\u010deno, sposobnost vode da neutralizira kiselinu. \u0160to je ve\u0107a alkalnost, otpornija \u0107e voda biti na promjene pH i vi\u0161e kiseline \u0107e biti potrebno da smanji ukupnu alkalnost i snizi pH. Alkalnost se sastoji od bikarbonata, karbonata i hidroksida kombiniranih s kalcijem, magnezijem ili natrijom. Alkalnost je izra\u017eena kao ppm ekvivalent kalcijevog karbonata, a visoka koncentracija ppm (CaCO3) ukazuje na to da je vi\u0161e ovih komponenti prisutno u vodi. pH obi\u010dno raste kako koncentracija raste, ali ovisno o sastavu i omjeru sastojaka, pH mo\u017ee varirati izme\u0111u dva uzorka iz razli\u010ditih izvora u osnovi iste alkalnosti. Dakle, va\u017eno je znati ne samo pH vode, ve\u0107 i alkalnost kako biste osigurali optimalno uno\u0161enje hranjivih sastojaka i zdravlje biljaka.<\/p>\n

Kao \u0161to je ranije navedeno, kako se pove\u0107ava alkalnost, pH mo\u017ee porasti u vodenom toku i u mediju rasta. Mogu\u0107e je da se vrlo mala promjena pH odra\u017eava pove\u0107anjem alkalnosti. Kako alkalnost raste, dostupnost odre\u0111enih biljnih hranjivih sastojaka, posebno mikronutrijenata poput \u017eeljeza i mangana, negativno utje\u010de, \u0161to rezultira nedostatkom. Dakle, od vitalnog je zna\u010daja da se ispitivanja alkalnosti provode zajedno s pH kako bi se najbolje utvrdilo stanje va\u0161e vode.<\/p>\n

U mnogim je slu\u010dajevima potrebno ubrizgati kiselinu (sumpornu ili fosfornu) u vodu ili koristiti gnojiva koja stvaraju kiselinu. Naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e kori\u0161tena, lako dostupna i najmanje skupa je sumporna kiselina. Koli\u010dinu kiseline koju treba ubrizgati treba odrediti na osnovu vrijednosti alkalnosti i na kraju optimalnog cilja alkalnosti koji \u017eelite posti\u0107i.<\/p>\n

Nakon \u0161to postignete \u017eeljenu razinu alkalnosti (ppm CaCO3) kao rezultat zakiseljavanja, zabilje\u017eite pH i iskoristite tu vrijednost kao svoj pH cilj da biste pokrenuli sustav za ubrizgavanje kiseline. Va\u017eno je napomenuti da jednostavno postavljanje pH cilja na 5,8 ili 6,0 bez poznavanja alkalne vrijednosti mo\u017eda vam ne\u0107e ostaviti optimalnu alkalnost za apsorpciju hranjivih tvari. Zapravo mo\u017eete na\u0107i, u nekim slu\u010dajevima, alkalnost va\u0161e vode mo\u017ee biti ispod minimalne razine pri pH od 6,0, a optimalna alkalnost mo\u017ee se na\u0107i pri vi\u0161im pH, poput 6,2 do 6,4.<\/p>\n

Kori\u0161tenje RO sustava i u\u010dinci ekstremno niske alkalnosti<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mnogi uzgajiva\u010di u industriji hidroponike koriste RO sustave za pro\u010di\u0161\u0107avanje dolazne opskrbe vodom. RO sustavi vrlo su u\u010dinkoviti u uklanjanju gotovo svega iz vode, prolaskom nastaje uglavnom \u010dista H2O. Kao rezultat CO2\u00a0<\/sub>izlaganja tijekom procesa filtriranja nastaje uglji\u010dna kiselina koja ostavlja vodu koja oscilira u rasponu pH 5 do 6. U 90% primjena pH od 5,7 do 6,0 smatra se optimalnim za ve\u0107inu vrsta biljaka. Savr\u0161eno, zar ne? Me\u0111utim, alkalnost vode RO u ovom je trenutku gotovo 0 ppm. Izlaganje biljaka vodi s ovom gotovo nepostoje\u0107om razinom alkalnosti mo\u017ee biti katastrofalno. Voda \u0107e ispu\u0161tati esencijalne ione i u osnovi \u0107e nagrizati korijenski sustav kao da je to bakreni cjevovod, ali mnogo br\u017ee.<\/p>\n

Uz to, odre\u0111ena hranjiva i vezani spojevi u mediju za rast mogu postati dostupni u toksi\u010dnim koli\u010dinama. Izuzetno niske alkalnosti nemaju vitalne elemente poput kalcija, magnezija i sulfata, koji su tako\u0111er vrlo va\u017eni za zdravlje biljaka. Nadamo se da nema iskusnih uzgajiva\u010da koji bi svoje biljke i \/ ili uzgojni medij izlo\u017eili \u010distoj vodi pod normalnim uvjetima kroz znatno du\u017ee vrijeme. Me\u0111utim, ovo je vrlo dobar primjer kako je klju\u010dno razumjeti ne samo pH vrijednost va\u0161e vode, ve\u0107 i alkalnost.<\/p>\n

Drugo razmatranje je kontrola pH. Voda s vrlo niskom alkalno\u0161\u0107u je iz pH perspektive gotovo nekontrolirana. Uzgajiva\u010di, gledaju\u0107i samo pH vrijednost vode filtrirane na RO, pitali su je li mogu\u0107e ubrizgati kiselinu kako bi se pH vode snizio sa 6,2 na 5,8. Sad kad razumijemo va\u017enu ulogu alkalnosti, sni\u017eavanje pH u ovom konkretnom slu\u010daju u po\u010detku izgleda apsurdno. Me\u0111utim, ako gledate samo pH vrijednost mo\u017eete vidjeti kako to nije neobi\u010dno o\u010dekivanje.<\/p>\n

Kao \u0161to je ranije re\u010deno, alkalnost predstavlja pufernu sposobnost vode, \u0161to zna\u010di da se \u201copire promjenama\u201d.\u00a0U prakti\u010dnom smislu, alkalnost stvara \u201epotisak natrag\u201c protiv onoga \u0161to mu je dodano, poput kiseline. Bez alkalnosti pH vode bi pala kada bi dodali malu koli\u010dinu kiseline, a to bi u\u010dinilo kontrolu pH prakti\u010dno nemogu\u0107im \u010dak i za najnaprednije sustave. Ponovo, razumijevanjem alkalnosti, uzgajiva\u010d bi shvatio da je dodavanje kiseline u ovom odre\u0111enom scenariju potpuno nepotrebno. Kada koristite RO vodu, program gnojiva koji izmjenjuje potencijalno osnovno gnojivo koje sadr\u017ei kalcij i magnezij s gnojivom niske potencijalne kiselosti mo\u017ee pomo\u0107i u sprje\u010davanju uru\u0161avanja pH u mediju za rast. Ovo tako\u0111er mo\u017ee osigurati prijeko potrebne hranjive tvari.<\/p>\n

Prednosti kombiniranja ubrizgavanja gnojiva s kontrolom pH (alkalnosti)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kiseline su bile i uvijek \u0107e biti odli\u010dan alat uzgajiva\u010dima za bolji nadzor nad alkalno\u0161\u0107u vode za navodnjavanje (uglavnom bikarbonate i karbonate) i pH u mediju. Nakon \u0161to se shvati uloga alkalnosti, uzgajiva\u010d mo\u017ee razmotriti sljede\u0107i prakti\u010dni korak za kontrolu alkalnosti pomo\u0107u kiselina putem injekcijskog sustava. Pogledajte grafikon dolje iz \u010dlanka napisanog u \u010dasopisu Garden and Greenhouse, on ilustrira optimalni raspon pH u kojem \u0107e ve\u0107ina usjeva proizvedenih u komercijalnoj kulturi apsorbirati hranjive tvari.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Izvor grafikona: Garden and Greenhouse Magazine<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Kriteriji za uzgajiva\u010de koji koriste kiseline<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kiseline koje su obi\u010dno dostupne uzgajiva\u010dima uklju\u010duju fosfornu, sumpornu, du\u0161i\u010dnu i limunsku. Tablica\u00a0 ni\u017ee od UMass Amherst, Centra za poljoprivredu, hranu i okoli\u0161, navodi kriterije za odabir prave kiseline: relativna sigurnost, neutralizacija snage, tro\u0161kova i sadr\u017eaja hranjivih sastojaka. Najefikasnija i najra\u0161irenija kiselina je sumporna kiselina; me\u0111utim, ovo je jedna od najopasnijih kiselina za upotrebu. Za uklanjanje malih alkalnosti, fosforna kiselina mo\u017ee biti dobar izbor. Me\u0111utim, pri uporabi ove kiseline morate biti oprezni jer \u0107e se razina fosfora pove\u0107ati. Du\u0161i\u010dna kiselina je teoretski idealna jer dodaje nitratni du\u0161ik; ali isparava i vrlo oksidira, \u0161to je \u010dini vrlo te\u0161kim za rukovanje. Limunska kiselina je slaba organska kiselina i kruta tvar, \u0161to je \u010dini sigurnijom od ostale tri; ali je mnogo manje u\u010dinkovita, a samim tim i skuplja. Jednom kada odaberete kiselinu, osigurajte da va\u0161 injektor mo\u017ee podnijeti zadatak. Ne samo da je va\u017eno da materijali budu otporni na kiselinu, regulator mora biti u mogu\u0107nosti precizno kontrolirati i odr\u017eavati fiksni pH u \u0161irokom rasponu protoka.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Izvor grafikona: UMass Amherst, The Center of Agriculture, Food, and the Environment<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Kako Hanna mo\u017ee pomo\u0107i uzgajiva\u010dima<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ako se pravilno automatiziraju Hanna sustavom za kontrolu pH i fertigaciju, komercijalnim staklenicima, hidroponskim operacijama, prostorijama za uzgoj, \u017eivim zidovima i vertikalnim poljoprivrednim postrojenjima, mo\u017ee se stvoriti okru\u017eenje u kojem \u0107e prehrambeni korijenski sustav uvijek biti maksimalan. Automatiziranje ovog postupka stvorit \u0107e pouzdanu preciznost i to\u010dnost, smanjiti tro\u0161kove gnojiva i rada, pove\u0107ati prinose usjeva i zdravlje biljaka te osigurati sigurno radno okru\u017eenje za osoblje.<\/p>\n

Hanna ima prilagodljive opcije za opremanje svih veli\u010dina:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • HIACID je samostalni sustav za kontrolu pH koji mo\u017ee opskrbljivati male i velike objekte koriste\u0107i bilo koju komercijalno dostupnu kiselinu.<\/li>\n
  • HI10000 mo\u017ee opskrbljivati objekte s protokom od 5 GPM do 750 GPM.<\/li>\n
  • HI5000 i HI2500 dostupni su uzgajiva\u010dima s manjim operacijama.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Ova razina fleksibilnosti, zajedno s daljinskim pristupom, mo\u017ee uzgajiva\u010du i osoblju pru\u017eiti dobrobit, omogu\u0107avaju\u0107i nadzor cijelog pH i fertigacijskog procesa s bilo kojeg mjesta na svijetu.<\/p>\n

    Sve-u-jednom rje\u0161enje: Hannin HI10000 pH, fertigacija i sustav za kontrolu navodnjavanja<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Proizvodnja\u00a0Hanna HI10000 Sustav ubrizgavanja gnojiva<\/strong>\u00a0precizno nadgleda i kontrolira pH (ubrizgavanje kiseline) i koncentracije gnojiva za sve vrste hidroponika, stakleni\u010dkih i otvorenih poljoprivrednih primjena. HI10000 je tako\u0111er kompletan sustav za navodnjavanje s 32 ventila (zona).<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Za razliku od proto\u010dnih sustava iz pro\u0161losti, Hannafertigacijski sustav kontinuirano mjeri stvarni pH protoka i precizno prilago\u0111ava koncentraciju kiseline (ili baze) u sustavu naprednom hibridnom tehnikom kontrole protoka \/ pH. Kontrola ubrizgavanja kiseline mo\u017ee biti nevjerojatno te\u0161ka i nije linearna, tako da smo u kompaniji Hanna razvili sustav koji ne samo da ubrizgava tempom prema brzini protoka, nego i nadzire pH te dodaje dodatna pode\u0161avanja na temelju promjenjivog pH vode. S oba parametra pokrivena, Hanna sustav za kontrolu pH mo\u017ee sigurno ubrizgati do 93% sumporne kiseline i precizno odr\u017eavati zadanu vrijednost pH u \u0161irokom rasponu protoka.<\/p>\n

    Hanna Instruments je vode\u0107i proizvo\u0111a\u010d pristupa\u010dne opreme koja je posebno dizajnirana za stakleni\u010dku i poljoprivrednu industriju. Uz pru\u017eanje uzgajiva\u010dima najkvalitetnije proizvode ve\u0107 gotovo 40 godina, mi u Hanni pru\u017eamo postprodajnu tehni\u010dku podr\u0161ku bez premca i servisi raditi \u0107emo s vama od izbora proizvoda do kona\u010dne instalacije i obuke. Na\u0161 je cilj nastaviti vam donositi proizvode najvi\u0161e kvalitete,kao i stalnu uslugu i podr\u0161ku osiguravaju\u0107i vam najbolje rezultate, \u0161tede\u0107i vrijeme i novac.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Alkalnost predstavlja pufernu sposobnost vode ili, jednostavnije re\u010deno, sposobnost vode da neutralizira kiselinu. \u0160to je […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":151249,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[378],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-155046","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-poljoprivreda-hr"],"yoast_head":"\nZa\u0161to su alkalnost i kontrola pH va\u017eni za rast biljaka? - Hanna Instruments Hrvatska<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Za\u0161to su alkalnost i kontrola pH va\u017eni za rast biljaka? 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